Weight loss drugs: everything you need to know to make an informed decision

What types of weight loss medications are there?

There are different types of weight loss medications on the market, each with a unique approach and composition. Some examples include: 

• Saxenda (injection) contains the active ingredient liraglutide. Saxenda works by acting on receptors in the brain that control appetite, causing you to feel less hungry. Saxenda works in the same way as Wegovy. 
• Wegovy (injection) has a similar mechanism of action to Saxenda but contains the active ingredient semaglutide.  
• Mounjaro (injection) works by combining the effects of two ingredients, GLP-1 (a hormone) and GIP receptors (proteins). This combination helps you feel fuller for longer, suppresses appetite and reduces cravings for calorie-rich foods. It contains the active ingredient tirzepatide.  
• Mysimba (tablet) works on areas on the brain involved in the control of food intake and energy expenditure. It contains the active ingredients naltrexone hydrochloride and bupropion hydrochloride.  
• Xenical (capsule) contains the active ingredient orlistat. This medicine prevents the absorption of some of the fat from the diet.  
• Orlistat (capsule) is the active ingredient that inhibits enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract such that fat absorption is partially blocked.  

How do weight loss medications work?

It is often said that losing weight is as simple as creating a caloric deficit. A calorie deficit occurs when you burn more calories than you consume. Some people may struggle to reach or maintain a calorie deficit that allows them to lose weight. Weight loss medications can be a helpful part of your journey to a healthier weight. They alter processes in the body involved in weight regulation. How they work is different depending on the drug used. It is important to remember that weight loss medications are most effective when combined with lifestyle changes, including a healthy diet and regular physical activity. They should not be used as a replacement for lifestyle improvements.  

Possible side effects

Like all medicines, weight loss drugs can cause side effects. Some people are afraid to take this type of medication out of fear of side effects. Although this fear is understandable, it is important to get the facts straight. Therefore, we have listed some possible side effects below.  

• Diarrhoea 
• Constipation 
• Nausea and vomiting 
• Stomach pain 
• Headache 
• Fatigue 

The above-listed side effects are unpleasant, but relatively mild. As your body gets used to the medication most side effects will diminish over time. If your side effects are persistent, speak to a doctor for advice.  

Who might benefit from weight loss medication?

Weight loss medications are used to treat seriously overweight and obese people who are struggling to lose weight. They are prescribed for people with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, or people with a BMI of 27 or higher with weight-related health problems, such as type 2 diabetes or high blood pressure. It is important to note that weight loss medications are not suitable for everyone and should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Also, they are more effective when used together with lifestyle changes like diet and exercise. Are you unsure if you are a candidate for weight loss medication or concerned about the side effects? Discuss your doubts with a medical specialist.  

Facts and myths about weight loss medications

There are many misconceptions when it comes weight loss drugs. With so much information circulating online, it may feel overwhelming to sort credible sources from those that are poorly researched or inaccurate. To combat misinformation, we have debunked a few myths surrounding weight loss medications.  

Myth: The side effects are unbearable. 

Of course, some people will experience more severe side effects than others. However, the above-listed side effects are most often mild and manageable. What’s more, side effects are usually temporary and resolve as the body adjusts to the medication. 

Fact: Weight loss medications are safe. 

All weight loss medicines must be authorised by the EMA before they can be marketed and made available to patients. They are safe when taken responsibly and as directed by a doctor. 

Myth: All weight loss medications are equal. 

No, the above-listed weight loss medications have different active ingredients and dosage forms and schedules. They all work in a different way to help you lose weight. Because there are many different types of weight loss drugs available, there is an option to suit every individual no matter what their weight loss needs are.  

Fact: Weight loss medications make creating a deficit easier. 

By curbing appetite or reducing hunger in combination with a healthy lifestyle, weight loss drugs can make it easier to eat less and achieve a calorie deficit. 

Find a treatment plan that works for you

Weight loss medications cannot be bought over the counter. They require a prescription from a doctor. Struggling with weight loss? You are not alone. Doctoronline offers a judgement-free environment where you can discuss your symptoms and struggles. Simply fill in an online questionnaire and one of our affiliated doctors will review your request. Receive a personalised treatment plan, with or without weight loss medication. Weight loss medications can be a valuable tool for those struggling to lose weight when used as part of a comprehensive weight management plan that includes diet, exercise and behavioural changes.